Plazentainsuffizienz
Placental insufficiency is a term given to a situation where the placenta cannot bring enough oxygen and nutrients to the growing fetus.
Clinical presentation
Fetuses may present with intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) (especially asymmetrical IUGR).
Pathology
It can be primarily caused by three main mechanisms :
- impairment in maternal circulation
- maternal hypertension
- maternal thrombophilic disorders
- impairment in fetal circulation
- placental implantation over a fibroid
- vascular thrombosis (e.g placental infarction)
Risk factors
- maternal narcotic (cocaine/heroin) use
Radiographic assessment
Ultrasound
- may show a reduction in fetal biometric parameters, i.e. showing a picture of IUGR
- amniotic fluid volumes may be low, i.e. oligohydramnios
In chronic placental insufficiency, there is often abnormal umbilical arterial Doppler with traces showing a reduction, absence, or reversal, of end-diastolic flow.
Fetal MRI
Not part of a routine investigation. There are some reports suggesting the presence of restricted diffusion and reduced ADC values on MRI .
Siehe auch:
- Leiomyofibrom Uterus
- Oligohydramnion
- Dopplersonographie der Nabelarterie
- Intrauterine Wachstumsretardierung
- amniotic fluid volumes
- asymmetrische intrauterine Wachstumsretardierung
- mesenchymale Dysplasie der Plazenta
- placental infarction
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Plazentainsuffizienz:
Dopplersonographie
der Nabelarterie
