Malignant mixed Mullerian tumor
Malignant mixed Mullerian tumors (MMMTs), sometimes referred to as a carcinosarcoma, are uncommon malignancies that can occur anywhere along the female genital tract.
Pathology
It is comprised of both epithelial (carcinomatous) and stromal (sarcomatous) components.
Implicated risk factors include :
- advanced age
- excess estrogen exposure
- nulliparity
- prior pelvic irradiation: estimated in 10-30% of cases
- tamoxifen
Location
- uterus : commonest site (malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the uterus account for ~5-8% of all malignant uterine cancers
- ovary : malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the ovary
- cervix : malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the cervix
Radiographic features
Imaging features are somewhat dependent on location and are best discussed under respective sections. In general, they tend to be large bulky lesions.
Treatment and prognosis
They are aggressive neoplasms and lung, liver and bone are common sites of metastases.
