Breast varix

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Breast varix is, as the name suggests, varices in the breast that are focally dilated veins in the breast.

Pathology

If varices are seen bilaterally then a cause for central venous obstruction (superior vena cava syndrome) could be the underlying etiology with the varices being a part of the collateral circulation.

Radiographic features

Mammography
  • may not be visible if blood gets compressed
  • phleboliths
Ultrasound
  • anechoic, tubular mass
  • compressible with probe compression
  • doppler demonstrates flow within
MRI
  • homogeneously hyperintense
  • brilliant enhancement
  • pulsation artifact 
  • demonstration of communication with a vein

Treatment and prognosis

  • no treatment required
  • may be removed for cosmetic reasons or if symptomatic
Complications

Thrombosis of the varix can occur, which can be painful.