catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Clinical

outcomes of catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in very young population compared to older population: a prospective study. Three-dimensional mapping of the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs) in a patient from the young population group with paroxysmal AF. a Normal bipolar voltage map of LA and four separate PVs. b Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation was performed in the same patient. LSPV: left superior pulmonary vein, LIPV: left inferior pulmonary vein, RSPV: right superior pulmonary vein, RIPV: right inferior pulmonary vein, LAA: left atrial appendage, AP view: anteroposterior view, PA view: posteroanterior view

Clinical

outcomes of catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in very young population compared to older population: a prospective study. Three-dimensional mapping of the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs) in a patient from the older population group with paroxysmal AF. a Abnormal bipolar voltage map of LA showed a large low-voltage area (LVA) in the posterior wall. b Combined circumferential pulmonary vein isolation and electrical isolation of this LVA (box isolation) were performed in the same patient. LSPV: left superior pulmonary vein, LIPV: left inferior pulmonary vein, RSPV: right superior pulmonary vein, RIPV: right inferior pulmonary vein, LAA: left atrial appendage, LVA: low-voltage area, AP view: anteroposterior view, PA view: posteroanterior view

Anomalous

pulmonary venous drainage: a pictorial essay with a CT focus. Complications of radiofrequency ablation. a Anteroposterior fluoroscopic image of radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Radiofrequency coil (black arrow) is seen within the left inferior pulmonary vein. b Post-RFA. Axial maximum intensity projections (MIP) CT image showing soft tissue thickening around the ostium of the right superior pulmonary vein (arrow) post radiofrequency ablation, but no stenosis. c Sagittal CT image show narrowing of the left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV) seen post ablation (arrow). d LIPV thrombosis post radiofrequency ablation. Axial CT image demonstrating occlusion of LIPV with thrombus