chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a relatively rare clonal hematologic disorder. In the World Health Organization classification, it is listed as a disorder with features of both myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Clinical presentation
Can be variable but many patients tend to present with fatigue, weight loss, fever, and night sweats.
Pathology
It is usually characterized by accumulation of monocytes in the blood and bone marrow, dysplastic hematopoiesis.
The diagnosis is characterized by:
- peripheral monocytosis (>1x10/L)
- absence of Philadelphia chromosome and BCR/ABL fusion gene
- fewer than 20% lymphoblasts in the blood or bone marrow
- dysplasia involving one or more myeloid lineages
Treatment and prognosis
The clinical course is variable. There is potential for leukemic involvement of organs. Blood transfusions and erythropoietin (EPO) administration may play a role in correcting low hemoglobin levels in cases with anemia.
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Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Chronische myelomonozytäre Leukämie: