extramedulläre Hämatopoese in der Nebenniere

Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the adrenal gland is a rare physiologic compensatory event in many hematologic diseases.

For a general discussion on this subject, please refer to the main article on extramedullary hematopoiesis.

Epidemiology

Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the adrenal gland is uncommon . Instead, it occurs most commonly in the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes and less frequently in the lung, pleura, breast, thymus, small bowel, and central nervous system .

Pathology

The adrenal glands might be involved unilaterally or bilaterally . Although rare, there are few reports describing extramedullary hematopoiesis in the adrenal gland in patients with thalassemia .

The exact mechanism of extramedullary hematopoiesis in the adrenal gland is unknown. Several hypotheses include :

  • adrenal gland has hematopoietic capacity during the fetal period and extramedullary hematopoiesis may develop from primitive rests
  • embolization of hematopoietic stem cells in adrenal gland may occur
  • there may be chronic hypoxia
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