Heparin-induzierte Thrombozytopenie
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a paradoxical thrombotic state resulting from an immune response to heparin.
Epidemiology
Occurs in 1:5000 patients who have received heparin, most commonly unfractionated heparin.
Pathology
HIT is induced by IgG antibodies.
Clinical presentation
Typically presents 5-10 days after heparin administration. The hallmark is a rapidly decreasing platelet level in a patient who has recently received heparin or undergone major surgery.
Radiographic findings
The most common presentation is venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, and as such, lower extremity Doppler ultrasound is the initial test of choice for the vast majority of patients .
Given that any vessel can potentially be affected, the imaging test chosen should be appropriate for the body part in which the thrombus is suspected. For instance, a CTV or MRV should be considered if dural venous sinus thrombosis is a concern.
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