kongenitale Tumoren

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Extracranial teratomas. Case 1. SCT. Coronal (a) and sagittal T2-TRUFI (b) fetal MRIs (29th week) show the large, complex SCT type II with both cystic (arrow) and solid components. The images clearly illustrate the extension of the tumor into the pelvis, the abdomen and the spinal canal (block arrow). Case 2. Cervical teratoma (3 months old). The CT topogram (c) and the axial NECT image (d) demonstrate the heterogenicity of the tumor, with calcifications (white arrows), fat, solid and liquid (star) components

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Neuroblastoma. Case 1. Typical neuroblastoma. The abdominal ultrasound (a) and the axial fat-saturated T2-weighted images (b) show the well-defined, homogeneous mass arising from the right adrenal gland (white arrow) and displacing the kidney in this 2-day-old baby. Case 2. Axial contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) (c) shows the enhancing retroperitoneal tumor (white arrow) originating from the organ of Zückerkandl in this 10-day-old girl. Note the hepatic infiltration (arrow). Case 3. Axial CECT (d) shows the mass arising from the right paraspinal sympathetic chain and extending into the spinal canal in this 3-day-old baby boy. Note the enlargement of the spinal canal (white block arrow). Case 4. Atypical neuroblastoma. Axial ultrasound (e) and T1-weighted images after i.v. contrast medium administration (f) show the retroperitoneal, lobulated mass infiltrating the right kidney and causing hydronephrosis (arrow) in this 5-week-old baby. The lesion was initially considered to be a renal tumor, but histology revealed neuroblastoma

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Soft-tissue tumors. Cases 1 and 2. Congenital hemangiomas. Coronal (a) and axial (b) fetal T2-HASTE MRI (21st week) demonstrate the cephalic, but completely extracranial heterogeneous mass (star). The axial (c) and coronal (d) T2-weighted images show the homogeneous hyperintense mass in the left posterior mediastinum, extending into the spinal canal (arrow) in this newborn. The mass was biopsied to exclude a neuroblastoma. Case 3. Cervical myofibromatosis in a 2-month-old boy. Axial CECT image (e) shows the large, infiltrating left cervical muscular mass, with intense enhancement after contrast medium administration

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Intracranial tumors. Case 1. Choroid plexus papilloma. Axial T2-weighted fetal MRI (34th week) (a) shows an intraventricular, solid mass in the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle (white arrow). Postnatal axial T2-weighted image (b) 3 days after birth reveals an increase in the tumor size. Note the extensive paraventricular edema. Case 2. PNET. Sagittal T1-weighted image after i.v contrast medium administration (c) and coronal T2-weighted image (d) in this 6-week-old boy presenting with macrocephaly show the heterogeneous tumor in the posterior fossa (arrow), with both solid and liquid (block arrow) components. The tumor causes a secondary hydrocephalus

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Renal tumors. Case 1. Mesoblastic nephroma. Axial CECT (a) and fat-saturated T1-weighted image after i.v. contrast medium administration (b) show a solid, focal renal mass replacing the normal right renal parenchyma (block arrows) in this newborn boy. Case 2. Nephroblastomatosis with bilateral Wilms’ tumors. Axial CECT (c) shows the well-defined bilateral renal masses (stars) in this 3-month-old baby, corresponding to a histologically proven bilateral Wilms’ tumor in a child with areas of nephroblastomatosis. The masses remain hypodense compared with normal renal parenchyma. Wilms’ tumors are very rare in fetuses and neonates. Case 3. MCN. T2-HASTE MR image (d) shows a multilocular cystic mass in the right kidney with tumor septae. Observe a similar but smaller left renal lesion (white arrow) in this 10-week-old boy with multiple congenital tumors (same patient as in Fig. 6c)

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Hepatic tumors. Case 1. Multiple hepatic hemangiomas. Coronal T2-HASTE MRI (a) shows the multiple hyperintense hepatic lesions (white arrows). Observe the right hemihypertrophy in this newborn with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (vertical arrows). Case 2. Hemangioendothelioma. Coronal (b) T2-HASTE MRI (27th week) shows a large and infiltrating mass arising from the left hepatic lobe with predominantly high signal intensity. Observe the signs of fetal congestive heart failure with marked hydrops fetalis (white block arrows). Case 3. Mesenchymal hamartoma. Axial T2-weighted image (c) shows a centrally located, hepatic hyperintense cystic mass with internal septations in this 10-week-old boy (same patient as in Fig. 5d, e). Case 4. Hepatoblastoma. Abdominal ultrasound (d) shows the large, heterogeneous mass in the right hepatic lobe of this 2-day-old girl

Congenital

tumors: imaging when life just begins. Cardiopulmonary tumors. Case 1. Rhabdomyoma. The cardio-ultrasound image (a) shows the multiple hyperechoic tumors originating from the ventricular septum (arrows) and the ventricular walls. Observe the large mass in the right ventricle (star) of this asymptomatic 3-day-old newborn boy with tuberous sclerosis. Case 2. Pleuropulmonary blastoma. Axial fetal ultrasound (b, 22nd week) and fetal T2-WI (c, 24th week) demonstrate a well-defined, hypoechogenic, solid mass, isointense to lung on MRI (block arrow). Observe the pleural effusion (curved arrow)