perigestational hemorrhage

Perigestational hemorrhage (PGH) refers to hemorrhage that occurs around the fetus during the gestational period. The spectrum of hemorrhage includes:

• chorionic hemorrhage: caused by the separation of the chorion from the endometrium 
  • subchorionic hemorrhage: most common type, occurs between the chorion and endometrium
    • Breus mole: very large subchorionic hemorrhage
• periplacental hematoma
  • subchorionic hematoma / preplacental hematoma
  • retroplacental hematoma
• placental hematoma

Epidemiology

• 2% of pregnancies <10 weeks
• 20% of those have vaginal bleeding <10 weeks

Pathology

Venous bleeding from the chorionic plate.

Treatment and prognosis

• >90% pregnancy success rate if living embryo with small perigestational hemorrhage
• large perigestational hemorrhage (>50% of gestational sac circumference): 25% loss rate even if living embryo
• perigestational hemorrhage with embryonic bradycardia (≤90 beats per minute): 80% loss rate
• it is a weak predictor of failing pregnancy

Differential diagnosis

• yolk sac
• twinning - twin pregnancy
• vesicular mole

See also

• perigestational hemorrhage in the exam

Siehe auch:

• subchorionic hemorrhage
• chorionic hematoma

und weiter:

• per vaginal bleeding in the exam
• differential diagnosis for bleeding in pregnancy
• antepartum haemorrhage
• sub-chorionic haemorrhage
• perigestational haemorrhage in the exam