PSA density
The PSA density (PSAD), is a calculation performed at diagnosis and is the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level (ng/mL) divided by the volume of the prostate gland (mL). Prostate volume is calculated from TRUS measurements .
Alternatively, PSA density may be calculated using MRI measurements of prostate volumes or less commonly, using postsurgical histopathological measurements of prostate volumes .
PSA density has been used as a prognostication tool in helping decide between a watch-and-wait or an invasive approach when managing prostate carcinoma . The cut-off used most commonly is 0.15 or 0.20 ng/mL.