Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformation

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformations are rare benign cystic lesions of vascular origin that show lymphatic differentiation. For a broader discussion, please refer to the parental article on lymphatic malformations.

Terminology

These malformations were formerly called lymphangiomas. This expression is out-of-date according to the 2018-classification of ISSVA .

Epidemiology

Only about 1% of all lymphatic malformations occur in the retroperitoneal space. Abdominal lymphatic malformations, in total estimated in ~ 5% of cases, tend to happen more frequently in the mesentery, followed by the omentum, mesocolon, and, then retroperitoneum .

Clinical presentation

They tend to be asymptomatic, incidentally detected on imaging. Rarely, they can present as a palpable mass .

Radiographic features

Lymphatic malformations are well-defined multi-locular cystic masses with typically homogeneous fluid content. Post-contrast enhancement of the cyst wall and septa may be seen . It is important to remember that they can cross fascial planes and involve multiple compartments .

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformations tend to be large elongated lesions that traverse adjacent anatomic compartments.

Differential diagnosis

Please refer to the article on cystic retroperitoneal lesions, for a comprehensive list of differentials.

Siehe auch:

• retroperitoneales Lymphangiom