Saethre-Chotzen syndrome

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (also known as type III acrocephalosyndactyly) is characterized by limb and skull abnormalities.

Epidemiology

It is the most common craniosynostosis syndrome and affects 1:25 - 50,000 individuals.

Males and females are equally affected.

Clinical presentation

The spectrum of observed clinical features include

Pathology

Genetics

It is thought to be due to mutations in the TWIST1 (twist transcription factor 1) gene located on chromosome 7p21 . The condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.

History and etymology

It was first described by two psychiatrists, one Norwegian, Haakon Saethre and, the other German, F Chotzen, in 1931 and 1932 respectively .

Differential diagnosis

Consider other forms of acrocephalosyndactyly such as