Varizellenenzephalitis
Magnetic
resonance imaging patterns of paediatric brain infections: a pictorial review based on the Western Australian experience. Restricted diffusion in supratentorial grey matter—vascular territory infarct (Pattern 2C). 2-year-old child with right upper and lower limb weakness in the setting of prior varicella infection (IgG positive), in keeping with post-varicella arteriopathy. DWI (a, b) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map (c) were consistent with an acute left caudato-lenticular infarct and a small infarct within the left frontal lobe. MR angiography (d) demonstrated left middle cerebral arteriopathy
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis can be due to either an immune reaction to primary infection or reactivation of latent infection in cranial nerve or dorsal root ganglia following childhood chickenpox.
Manifestations following primary infection include:
- cerebellar ataxia
- meningoencephalitis
- transverse myelitis
- aseptic meningitis
Manifestations of secondary reactivation include:
- neuritis/plexitis
- herpes zoster ophthalmicus
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome
- myelitis
- Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (rare)
Immunocompromised patients have a much wider range of manifestations and not surprisingly, these tend to be more serious. In addition to those listed above, they also include:
- VZV vasculitis
- chronic VZV encephalitis
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Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Varizellenenzephalitis:
