Vulval cancer (staging)

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Staging of vulval cancer is the FIGO staging system and is as follows:

  • stage 0: carcinoma in situ (pre-invasive); corresponds to Tis
  • stage I: tumor <2 cm (greatest dimension) and confined to vulva/perineum; corresponds to T1
    • stage Ia: stromal invasion by <1 mm
    • Stage Ib: stromal invasion by >1 mm
  • stage II: tumors >2 cm but confined to vulva; corresponds to T2
  • stage III: any size with invasion of lower urethra, vagina, perineum, anus; corresponds to T3
  • stage IV: bladder/rectal invasion, fixation to bone and/or metastases
    • stage IVa: invasion of bladder, upper urethra and rectal mucosa and/or fixation to bone; corresponds to T4
    • stage IVb: distant metastases including pelvic lymph node metastases

See also