Felsenbein-Querfrakturen

Transverse temporal bone fractures are oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the petrous temporal bone, with the line of force running roughly anterior to posterior. Although more current classifications of the extent of temporal bone fractures focus on the integrity of the otic capsule rather than the fracture orientation, description of fractures in terms of longitudinal or transverse or mixed orientation is still common and useful in conveying the fracture anatomy.

Epidemiology

Transverse temporal bone fractures are less common than longitudinal fracture and account for 20-30% of temporal bone fractures.

Pathology

Mechanism

Transverse fractures are usually associated with blows to the frontal bone or occipital bone. These fractures normally cross the fallopian canal (of the facial nerve) and otic capsule.

Complications

• >30% have facial nerve palsies (disruption of fallopian canal containing the facial nerve)
• sensorineural hearing loss (disruption of vestibulocochlear nerve)
• vertigo
• internal carotid artery injury
• jugular vein injury
• fracture through the tegmen tympani results in CSF otorrhea
• perilymphatic fistula

Siehe auch:

• Nervus facialis
• Nervus vestibulocochlearis
• Felsenbein-Längsfrakturen
• Frakturen Os temporale