adrenal hyperplasia
Imaging
features of adrenal masses. Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in a 75-year-old woman. Axial T1-weighted in-phase (a) and out-of-phase gradient recalled echo (c), T2-weighted fast spin echo (c), and three dimensional fat-suppressed T1-weighted gradient recalled echo image in portal phase after contrast injection (d) show the nodular enlargement of both adrenal glands (arrows) with loss of signal on out-of-phase (b)
Adrenal hyperplasia refers to non-malignant growth (enlargement) of the adrenal glands and is a rare cause of ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome, with unilateral adrenal cortical adenomas being the commonest. Approximately 20% of Conn syndrome cases are secondary to adrenal hyperplasia. In diffuse hyperplasia, the limbs of the adrenal glands are >5 cm in length and >10 mm in thickness. It may be unilateral in some situations .
Pathology
Classification
Adrenal hyperplasia can be classified according to:
- inheritance
- congenital
- acquired adrenal hyperplasia
- morphology
- micronodular adrenal hyperplasia
- macronodular adrenal hyperplasia
Radiographic features
- enlarged limbs of one or both adrenal glands >10 mm thick
- normal adrenal morphology maintained
- nodular or uniform
MRI
- high lipid content and thus may demonstrate signal dropout on out-of-phase chemical shift imaging
- signal dropout due to lipid content overlaps with adrenal cortical adenomas
See also
Siehe auch:
- Nebennierenraumforderungen
- Adrenogenitales Syndrom
- makronoduläre Hyperplasie der Nebennieren
- Conn-Syndrom
- bilateral adrenal enlargement
- primary pigmented nodular adrenal dysplasia (PPNAD)
- ACTH independent macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (AIMAH)
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Nebennierenhyperplasie:
primary
pigmented nodular adrenal dysplasia (PPNAD)