biceps femoris muscle
Muscles of
the gluteal and posterior femoral regions with current muscle highlighted
Muscles of
the gluteal and posterior femoral regions with current muscle highlighted
The biceps femoris is one of the large muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh and a component of the hamstrings. It has a long and a short head, each with different functions and innervation.
Its medial border forms the superolateral border of the popliteal fossa.
Summary
- origin
- long head: medial facet of the ischial tuberosity
- short head: lateral linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of the femur and adjacent intermuscular septum
- insertion: fibular head, crural fascia and lateral tibial condyle
- action
- flexes knee joint
- laterally rotates knee joint (when the knee is flexed)
- extends hip joint (long head only)
- external rotation of the thigh (long head only)
- arterial supply
- inferior gluteal artery
- perforating arteries
- popliteal artery
- innervation
- long head: tibial nerve
- short head: common peroneal nerve
- antagonist: quadriceps
Variant anatomy
- absence of the short head
- exclusive tibial insertion (rare)
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