left ventricular enlargement

Left ventricular enlargement can be the result of a number of conditions, including:

• pressure overload
  • hypertension
  • aortic stenosis
• volume overload
  • aortic regurgitation
  • mitral regurgitation
• wall abnormalities
  • left ventricular aneurysm
  • hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Radiographic features

Plain radiograph

Features that may be visible on a chest radiograph include:

• left ventricular dilatation: left heart border is displaced leftward, inferiorly and posteriorly
• left ventricular hypertrophy: may show rounding of the cardiac apex
• Hoffman-Rigler sign
• Shmoo sign

Echocardiography

The parasternal long axis and apical four-chamber views on transthoracic echocardiography are often the primary views used to gain both a qualitative and quantitative appreciation of left ventricular enlargement.
Features include :

• increased left ventricular internal end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd)
  • parasternal long axis LVIDd >5.3 cm (females) or >5.9 cm (males)
• elevated left ventricular volumes
  • diastolic volumes >104 mL (females) or >155 mL (males)
  • systolic volumes >49 mL (females) or >58 mL (males)
• increasingly spherical morphology
  • a normal left ventricle has prolate ellipsoidal morphology, with a long axis roughly twice that of the short axis
  • with severe LV enlargement the short axis dimensions may approximate those of the long axis, akin to a sphere

Siehe auch:

• aortic stenosis
• Mitralklappeninsuffizienz
• Arterielle Hypertonie
• Shmoo sign
• Aneurysma des linken Ventrikels
• cardiac chamber enlargement
• vergößerter linker Vorhof
• Hypertrophe Kardiomyopathie
• Vergrößerung rechter Vorhof
• Vergrößerung rechter Ventrikel
• Hoffman-Rigler sign
• Normale Herzkonfiguration im Röntgen-Thorax