Ostiomeatal complex narrowing due to anatomical variations
Some ostiomeatal complex anatomical variations, which do not cause disease by themselves, can promote narrowing and even obstruction :
- concha bullosa ~10% (range 4-15%) - aerated middle turbinate
- intralamellar cell: air cell within vertical portion of the middle turbinate
- oversized ethmoid bulla (agger nasi cells)
- Haller cells (infraorbital cells)
- uncinate process bullae
- deviation of uncinate process
- deviated nasal septum
- paradoxical middle turbinate: convexity of turbinate directed toward lateral nasal wall
See also
