Pediatric midface anomalies (classification)

This classification system based on the embryology and anatomy of the nasal cavity, nasofrontal region, and nasolacrimal apparatus as well as anomalies associated with craniofacial syndromes.

Nasal cavity

• choanal atresia and stenosis
• pyriform aperture stenosis

Nasofrontal region 

congenital midline nasofrontal masses include :

• nasal glioma
• nasal encephalocele
• nasal dermoid cyst
• nasal epidermoid cyst
• hemangioma or lymphangioma

Nasolacrimal apparatus

• nasolacrimal duct stenosis
• dacryocystocele

Craniofacial syndromes 

• Apert syndrome
• Crouzon syndrome
• Pfeiffer syndrome
• Treacher Collins syndrome
• Roberts syndrome
• Coffin-Lowry syndrome
• Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
• Noack syndrome
• Jackson-Weiss syndrome
• Carpenter syndrome
• Lowry syndrome
• Fibular aplasia syndrome