Perineal hernia

Beidseitige
perineale Hernie, rechts mit Anteilen des Rectums, links mit Dünndarmanteilen (Enterozele).
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 4.0
Neurofibroma
invading into urinary bladder presenting with symptoms of obstructed defecation and a large perineal hernia. Barium enema showing the herniated rectum.
bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com • CC-by-2.0
Perineale
Hernie mit Dünndarm / Enterozele als Inhalt
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 4.0
A three
layered repair of a large perineal hernia: case report and review of the literature. A CT-scan of pelvic outlet showing herniation of multiple, small intestine loops, with contrast material. Axial view. B Extent of herniation shown from a midsagittal view
surgicalcasereports.springeropen.com • CC-by-4.0
Retrospective
analysis of risk factors for postoperative perineal hernia after endoscopic abdominoperineal excision for rectal cancer. Diagnosis of postoperative perineal hernia by computed tomography is defined as the downward displacement of the intestine beyond the line described by computed tomography from the inferior margin of the pubis to the end of the coccyx
bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com • CC-by-4.0
Laparoscopic
perineal hernia repair following pelvic exenteration: a case report. Sagittal pelvic MRI of the perineal hernia
bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com • CC-by-4.0
Radiopaedia • CC-by-nc-sa 3.0 • de

Perineal hernias, also known as levator or pudendal hernias , (alternative plural: herniae) are rare pelvic hernias, occurring through a defect in the pelvic floor musculature.

Epidemiology

More common in females, with peak age of presentation between 40 and 60 years.

Pathology

Perineal hernias are classified as anterior or posterior depending on their relationship with the transverse perineal muscle. Anterior hernias are more common than posterior hernias and occur almost exclusively in females.

Hernias are most commonly acquired, with rare congenital cases. Acquired causes include pregnancy (accounting for the increased incidence in females), obesity or long-standing ascites. Secondary hernias also occur following extensive pelvic surgery such as pelvic exenteration.

Radiographic features

Anterior hernias demonstrate herniation of bowel through the urogenital diaphragm.

Posterior perineal hernias are seen on CT as protrusion of loops of sigmoid colon or rectum into the ischioanal fossa.

Siehe auch:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu ‎Perinealhernie:
Beckenbodenmuskulatur
 
insightsimaging.springeropen.com • CC-by-4.0