placentomegaly
Placentomegaly is a term applied to an abnormally enlarged placenta.
Pathology
Associations
It can be associated with a number of maternal and fetal disorders which include:
- maternal
- maternal anemia(s)
- maternal diabetes
- chronic intrauterine infections
- alpha-thalassemia
- fetal
- umbilical vein obstruction
- fetal high output failure
- fetal malformation
- Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
- sacrococcygeal teratoma
- hydrops fetalis and causative underlying conditions
- twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
- chromosomal anomalies
- triploid: with an extra set from paternal origin
- in utero infection
- Finnish type congenital nephrotic syndrome
- fetomaternal hemorrhage
- placental abnormalities
- placental chorioangioma
- intraplacental hemorrhage
- hydatidiform mole / partial mole
- placental mesenchymal dysplasia
- placental venous lakes
Radiographic features
Antenatal ultrasound
May show an increase in placental thickness and/or placental extent. The increase in size may be homo or heterogeneous dependent on the cause. The maximum thickness considered normal at any stage in pregnancy is often taken at 4 cm.
Differential diagnosis
The differential for an apparent increased in placental size on ultrasound includes:
- retroplacental hematoma: especially when it is isoechoic, e.g. from a placental abruption
Siehe auch:
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Plazentamegalie: