rhinoviral bronchiolitis

Viral bronchiolitis refers to a bronchiolitis secondary to viral etiology.

Pathology

Viral infection of airways resulting in inflammation and peribronchial edema. Can then result in small airways occlusion which is the basis of hyperinflation and subsegmental atelectasis. Children more susceptible due to smaller airways.

Common causative agents include

• respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-60-70%
• human metapneumovirus (hMPV)-5-15%
• adenovirus types 3,7,21
• rhinovirus
• parainfluenza virus

Radiographic features

Plain radiograph

May show hyperinflation with increased (commonly bilateral symmetrical) peribronchial thickening and lack focal lung consolidative change. Can have segmental/subsegmental/band atelectatic changes. Small lobular air trapping. An increased AP diameter may be seen.

Siehe auch:

• Bronchiolitis