sigmoid sinus diverticulum
Sigmoid sinus diverticula are venous outpouchings from the sigmoid sinus that intrude into the mastoid bone, which can occur either with an intact but remodeled sigmoid plate or with sigmoid sinus dehiscence.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of sigmoid sinus diverticulum or dehiscence is about 1% .
Associations
Clinical presentation
Many patients are asymptomatic. However, sigmoid sinus diverticulum and dehiscence are among the most common causes of pulsatile tinnitus .
Radiographic features
The outpouching is most directly demonstrated on MR or CT venography. The remodeling or erosion of the sigmoid plate can be demonstrated on non-contrast-enhanced temporal bone CT.
Treatment and prognosis
Endovascular treatment consists of stenting of the sigmoid sinus and coil embolization of the diverticulum . Open surgical treatment consists of resurfacing the sigmoid plate and extravascular reduction of the diverticulum by bone wax packing or electrocoagulation .
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