sialosis
Imaging of
parotid anomalies in infants and children. Sialadenosis in an obese teenager. Diffuse enlargement of both parotid glands whose signal is normal and abundant subcutaneous fat, on axial T2-weighted image
Sialosis or sialadenosis (plurals: sialoses or sialadenoses) refers to diffuse, non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic recurrent/persistent enlargement of the major salivary glands, caused by hypertrophy of the acinar components. Typically, the parotid gland is most affected, although submandibular gland enlargement is not uncommon.
Pathology
It is uncommon and has a variety of systemic causes:
- endocrine: diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, Cushing syndrome
- metabolic: alcoholism, anorexia, bulimia, obesity, malnutrition
- gastrointestinal: liver disease, celiac disease
- neurogenic: dysautonomia, multiple system atrophy
- iatrogenic: anticholinergic drugs, antihypertensives, heavy metals, psychotropic drugs
- others: depression
The commonest causes are diabetes mellitus (50% of sialosis cases ) and alcoholism, but some cases have no known underlying systemic disease.
Radiographic features
Sialography
- sparse peripheral ducts
CT
- a normal or enlarged gland
- normal density throughout most of the disease
- end stage glands may be diffusely dense and large
- greater fatty infiltration in diabetic sialadenosis
- reduction of fatty tissue in alcoholic sialadenosis
See also
Siehe auch:
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu sialosis: