Ureteritis
Ureteritis refers to inflammation of the ureter, it is rare and is often associated with cystitis or pyelonephritis .
Clinical presentation
Patients may present with symptoms of cystitis or pyelonephritis with suprapubic/flank pain, dysuria, hematuria and/or fever. White cell count may also be elevated .
Pathology
The etiology of ureteritis is most commonly infectious from associated cystitis but there are many causes:
- ascending urinary tract infections; the most common causative agents are Escherichia coli and Aerobacter aerogenes
- chronic inflammation secondary to ureteric stents
- direct spread from adjacent organs (e.g. appendicitis, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease)
- haematogenous spread
Radiographic features
CT
- diffuse, circumferential urothelial wall thickening and contrast-enhancement
- periureteric or perinephric fat stranding
Treatment and prognosis
Complications
Differential diagnosis
