Cardiac valves

The four cardiac valves direct the flow of blood through the heart during the cardiac cycle.
Gross anatomy
The heart valves are located in the cardiac fibrous skeleton:
- two are atrioventricular (AV) valves: the right-sided tricuspid valve (TV) and left-sided mitral (bicuspid) valve (MV)
- open during diastole to direct blood flow from the atria to the ventricles
- close during systole to prevent regurgitation back into the atria from the ventricles
- are attached to papillary muscles via chordae tendineae
- two are semilunar valves: the right-sided pulmonary valve (PV) and left-sided aortic valve (AV)
- open during systole to direct blood flow from the contracting ventricles through the right ventricle and left ventricle outflow tracts to the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta, respectively
- close during diastole to prevent regurgitation back into the ventricles from the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta
- these valves do not have chordae tendineae or papillary muscles
It is best to list the four valves in order of the series that blood travels through the heart:
See also
Siehe auch:
