Manubriosternal and sternoxiphoidal joint fusion

Manubriosternal and sternoxiphoidal joint fusion can be partial or complete, and may be a normal anatomic variant.

Complete fusion can be seen at a young age. Pathological fusion can be seen in old age secondary to fusion caused by bridging osteophytes . It may also be seen in inflammatory arthritis (e.g. ankylosing spondylitis).   It is best seen in sagittal and oblique coronal planes .

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