pulmonary hydatid infection

Pulmonary
cystic echinococcosis mimicking metastatic malignancy. Mediastinal window demonstating that all these nodules were cysts.
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Rare case of
echinococcosis with negative histology and cytology. CT showed a cyst in the upper lobe of the left hemithorax with fluid and air bubbles. It also showed atelectasis and pleural fluid in the inferior lobe.
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Rare case of
echinococcosis with negative histology and cytology. The left hemithorax in coronal plane. There is an impression of the waterlily-sign in the fluid of the cyst.
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Rare case of
echinococcosis with negative histology and cytology. Waterlily-sign membranes floating in the fluid.
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Water-lily
sign (hydatid cyst) • Rupture of massive pulmonary hydatid cyst with tension hydropneumothorax - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Hartung, M. Rupture of massive pulmonary hydatid cyst with tension hydropneumothorax. Case study, Radiopaedia.org. (accessed on 31 Oct 2022) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-83035 • CC by-nc-sa 3.0 (modified)
Pulmonary
cystic echinococcosis mimicking metastatic malignancy. Multiple nodules involving predominantly the right lung and airspace consolidation in the right upper lobe.
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Imaging of
congenital lung diseases presenting in the adulthood: a pictorial review. Differential diagnoses of bronchogenic cyst. Infected bullae on axial (a) and sagittal (b) CT images are observed. Esophageal duplication cyst on axial (c) and coronal (d) CT images, pericardial cyst on T2-weighted MRI (e) and axial CT image (f) and hydatid cyst on axial CT images (g, h) are considered in the differential diagnoses of bronchogenic cyst
insightsimaging.springeropen.com • CC-by-4.0
Pulmonary
cystic echinococcosis mimicking metastatic malignancy. Coronal reformations: multiple nodular lesions, various in diameter and located predominantly in the right lung.
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Pulmonary
cystic echinococcosis mimicking metastatic malignancy. Lung window: intracystic serpentine structure (in the left upper lobe) representing collapsed membranes (serpent sign).
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Pulmonary
cystic echinococcosis mimicking metastatic malignancy. Mediastinal window demonstating that all these nodules were cysts.
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Pulmonary
cystic echinococcosis mimicking metastatic malignancy. Mediastinal window demonstating that all these nodules were cysts.
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
School ager
with respiratory distress. CXR PA and lateral shows a large mass without calcification in the posterior aspect of the right lung which on cross sectional imaging was seen to be cystic in nature.The diagnosis was hydatid disease.
pediatricimaging.org • CC-by-nc-sa 4.0
Radiopaedia • CC-by-nc-sa 3.0 • de

Pulmonary hydatid infection is a common manifestation of hydatid disease.

For a general discussion, and for links to other system specific manifestations, please refer to the article on hydatid disease.

Epidemiology

The lung is the second most common site of involvement with echinococcosis granulosus in adults after the liver (10-30% of cases), and the most common site in children . The coexistence of liver and lung disease is present in only 6% of patients .

Clinical presentation

When pulmonary hydatid cysts rupture and communicate with bronchioles, patients are described to cough up 'grape skin' like material .

Pathology

Thoracic involvement may occur via :

  • transdiaphragmatic route (0.6-16% of cases of hepatic disease)
  • haematogenous spread

Although the echinococcosis granulosus presents commonly with unilocular cysts, echinococcosis multilocularis and echinococcosis vogeli may cause alveolar and polycystic echinococcosis.

Radiographic features

CT

Generally, chest CT scan features include :

  • multiple or solitary cystic lesion (most common)
  • diameter of 1-20 cm
  • unilateral or bilateral
  • predominantly found in the lower lobes

Radiographic and CT features may differ in complicated and uncomplicated cysts.

Uncomplicated cysts are characterized by:

  • round or oval masses with well-defined borders
  • enhancement after contrast injection
  • hypodense content relative to the capsule

Complicated cysts may show:

MRI
  • T1: hypointense
  • T2: hyperintense

The cyst capsule is hypointense on T2 weighted image (hypointense rim sign),  isointense on T1 weighted images and shows mild postcontrast enhancement. The folded membranes within cyts are T2 hypointense .

Ultrasound 

Double-layered wall in univesicular cysts and a double-layered septum in cases of multivesicular cysts ( wall sign)

Other less common thoracic hydatid manifestations include: invasion of the mediastinum , pericardium, chest wall , cardiovascular system, or inferior vena cava .

Siehe auch:
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Echinokokkose der Lunge:
Verkalkungen
im Röntgenbild des Thorax
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 3.0
Lungenzysten
 
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 3.0
Echinokokkose
 
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Wasserlilien-Zeichen
 
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Lungenembolie
durch Echinokokkose
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