Synovial hemangioma
Synovial hemangiomas are rare benign vascular malformations that occur in relation to the joint. It is sometimes considered a subtype of soft tissue hemangiomas.
Epidemiology
The lesions typically present in children and young adults. Occasionally patients can have recurrent haemarthroses .
Clinical presentation
Patients may have pain, swelling and/or limited joint mobility.
Pathology
The lesions can be cavernous, capillary or mixed.
Location
Most lesions tend to occur around the knee .
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph
Plain film findings are generally non-specific and may be seen as a soft tissue mass adjacent to the knee. Accompanying phleboliths may be present.
MRI
Typically seen as a lobulated intra-articular mass (although the lesions can be either lobulated or diffuse).
Signal characteristics include:
- T1: usually of intermediate signal
- T2
- markedly hyperintense background; likely from pooled blood within vascular spaces
- low-signal-intensity linear structures within lesion; likely from fibrous septa or vascular channels
- fluid-fluid levels may be present
- T1 C+: marked enhancement
Differential diagnosis
Imaging differential considerations include:
- cystic synovial hyperplasia: usually peripheral enhancement only
- synovial chondromatosis
- pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)
Siehe auch:
- synoviale Osteochondromatose
- Pigmentierte villonoduläre Synovialitis
- synoviale Raumforderungen
- proliferations of the synovial membrane
- zystische Synoviahyperplasie
- Hämatom der Synovialmembran
und weiter:
- Hämangiom
- Lipoma arborescens
- siderotic synovitis
- WHO Klassifikation der Weichteiltumoren
- Weichteilhämangiom
- skeletal mass with fluid-fluid levels
- extraskeletal musculoskeletal tumors by compartment
- extra skeletal musculoskeletal lesions by compartment
- Lipoma arborescens Kniegelenk
- Flüssigkeit-Flüssigkeitsspiegel