umbilical cord thrombosis

Fetal
umbilical artery thrombosis: prenatal diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. A Previous ultrasonic examinations showed bilateral umbilical arteries. B One instead of two umbilical arteries was clearly demonstrated later. C Gross observation of the umbilical cord. D Pathological analysis (HE staining; magnification, × 4 and × 10)
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Umbilical cord thrombosis is a potentially fatal complication and can mean either a thrombosis of the umbilical vein or either or both the umbilical arteries. Umbilical vein thrombosis occurs more frequently than thrombosis of one or both umbilical arteries (umbilical arterial thrombosis) .

Epidemiology

The estimated incidence is approximately 1 in 1300 deliveries, 1 in 1000 perinatal autopsies, and 1 in 250 high-risk gestations. There is a slight male predominance .

Pathology

Among various other etiological factors, thrombosis of the umbilical vein can potentially occur following cordocentesis or intra-uterine transfusion.

Associations

Radiographic features

Ultrasound

Greyscale imaging may show focal areas or the entire cord being increased in echogenicity. Color Doppler will confirm an absence of flow .

Prognosis

A poorer fetal outcome is more likely with arterial thrombosis . The strong association between cord thrombosis and perinatal morbidity and mortality is likely related to additional umbilical cord abnormalities, obstetrical complications, or systemic fetal conditions that are the likely cause of both the thrombosis and the poor fetal outcome.

Siehe auch:
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Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Thrombose der Umbilikalarterien: