Adenoid-zystisches Karzinom der Glandula sublingualis
Adenoid-zystisches Karzinom der Glandula sublingualis
Adenoid-zystisches Karzinom Radiopaedia • CC-by-nc-sa 3.0 • de
Adenoid cystic carcinomas are a rare histological subtype of adenocarcinoma.
Pathology
Adenoid cystic carcinomas are generally considered low grade . The tumors have a notable tendency for perineural spread.
Location
They have a wide distribution and mainly occur in relation to the airways, lacrimal glands and breasts. Reported locations include:
- head and neck
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal glands
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx
- hard palate
- nasopharynx
- rarely reported: eyelid
- sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast
- tracheobronchial tree/respiratory tract
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree
- second most common primary malignant tracheal neoplasm (after squamous cell carcinoma)
- previously also called a cylindroma in this location
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree
- pelvis
- uterine/cervical
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin glands
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Salivary gland tumors are variable in location, origin, and malignant potential.
Pathology
In general, the ratio of benign to malignant tumors is proportional to the gland size; i.e. the parotid gland tends to have benign neoplasms, the submandibular gland 50:50, and the sublingual glands and accessory glands mostly malignant. Due to the size discrepancy, in absolute numbers, the parotid gland has the most tumors.
Location
- parotid gland: 70%
- minor salivary glands (including sublingual): 22% with the palate being most frequent (see: minor salivary gland tumors)
- submandibular gland: 8%
Overall ~80% of all parotid masses are benign and the majority of these are pleomorphic adenomas.
Subtypes
Benign
- epithelial
- pleomorphic adenoma: this is the most common (≈50%) tumor of the parotid
- Warthin tumor: essentially only found in the parotid, in older, usually male patients; it is bilateral in 10-15%
- intraductal papilloma of salivary glands
- oncocytoma of salivary glands
- myoepithelioma: until recently considered a subtype of pleomorphic adenoma; they can also originate in breast and bronchus
- non-epithelial
Malignant
- mucoepidermoid carcinoma: most of the malignant lesions
- adenoid cystic carcinoma
- myoepithelioma
- adenocarcinoma (not otherwise specified)
- acinic cell carcinoma of salivary glands
- squamous cell carcinoma of salivary glands
- malignant mixed tumors of the salivary glands
- carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
- carcinosarcoma (true mixed tumor of the salivary glands)
- metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma
- salivary duct carcinoma
- metastases (mostly to intraparotid lymph nodes)
- cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
- malignant melanoma
- testicular seminoma (rare)
- lymphoma (rare)
- primary: arising from the parotid gland as a MALToma
- secondary: involving the intraparotid lymph nodes
See also
Siehe auch:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Adenoid-zystisches Karzinom der Glandula sublingualis: 