fetal cardiomegaly

Fetal cardiomegaly (FC) refers to an enlarged fetal heart. It is variably defined with some sources stating the cut-off as a fetal cardio-thoracic circumference above two standard deviations .

Pathology

It can arise from a number of situations:

• congenital cardiac anomalies: particularly
  • tricuspid atresia/tricuspid dysplasia
  • Ebstein anomaly 
• twin pregnancy-related complications: in recipient twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
• fetal dilated cardiomyopathies
• due to abnormal shunting
  • fetal arteriovenous malformations, e.g. vein of Galen malformation
  • placental chorioangioma
• in association with hydrops fetalis : this includes the many causes of hydrops fetalis 
• endocardial fibroelastosis

Distribution

In the vast majority of cases the cardiac enlargement involves the right-sided chambers with the right atrium being involved in ~90% of cases.

Siehe auch:

• Ebstein anomaly
• Hydrops fetalis
• tricuspid atresia
• endocardial fibroelastosis
• Zwillingsschwangerschaft
• Vena Galeni Malformation
• Chorioangiom der Plazenta
• twin-ywin transfusion syndrome

und weiter:

• fetal cardio thoracic circumference ratio