Mitral valve disease

Mitral valve disease mostly comprises two main functional abnormalities, which can occur in isolation or in combination:

• mitral regurgitation
• mitral stenosis

In addition, other pathologies that affect the mitral valve include:

• mitral valve prolapse
• mitral annular calcification
• mitral valve vegetations from infective endocarditis

The mitral valve can also be abnormal in a number of congenital cardiac anomalies.

A normally functioning mitral valve should allow unimpeded blood flow into the left ventricle during diastole and should prevent backflow of blood into the left atrium during systole.

See also

• parachute mitral valve