Neurovascular compression syndromes

The elbow:

review of anatomy and common collateral ligament complex pathology using MRI. A 60-year-old woman with pain, muscle weakness, and paresthesias. Axial FS PD-weighted MRI (a, b) showing an enlargement and hyperintense ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel (white arrow) and subacute denervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (white asterisks)

insightsimaging.springeropen.com • CC-by-4.0

Neurovascular

compression syndromes • Trigeminal neuralgia due to vascular compression - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia

Alabd, M. Trigeminal neuralgia due to vascular compression. Case study, Radiopaedia.org. (accessed on 09 Nov 2022) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-40407 • CC by-nc-sa 3.0 (modified)

Neurovascular

compression syndromes • Neurovascular compression syndrome - with facial palsy - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia

km, D. Neurovascular compression syndrome - with facial palsy. Case study, Radiopaedia.org. (accessed on 09 Nov 2022) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-17388 • CC by-nc-sa 3.0 (modified)

Neurovascular

compression syndromes • Trigeminal neuralgia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia

Saber, M. Trigeminal neuralgia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. Case study, Radiopaedia.org. (accessed on 09 Nov 2022) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-88267 • CC by-nc-sa 3.0 (modified)

Imaging of

cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Neurovascular compression of facial nerve. Patient with left facial nerve palsy. MRI axial steady-state free procession (a) and T1-weighted post-gadolinium, MIP reconstruction (b) images show a neurovascular compression of the left facial nerve (dotted circles)

insightsimaging.springeropen.com • CC-by-4.0

Neurovascular

conflict at facial nerve root entry zone. Neurovascular conflict between the facial nerve and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) at the vulnerable transition zone, where central glial myelin transitions into peripheral Schwann cell myelin.

www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0

Radiopaedia • CC-by-nc-sa 3.0 • de

Neurovascular compression syndromes are a form of vascular compression disorders where there is usually compression or distortion of a cranial nerve due to a redundant or aberrant vascular structure.

Clinical presentation

Not all cases of neurovascular contact are clinically symptomatic. Presentation can be extremely variable depending on which structure is compressed. It can range from trigeminal neuralgia or glossopharyngeal neuralgia (somatic sensory), hemifacial spasm (somatic motor), tinnitus and vertigo (special sensory) and some cases of essential hypertension.

Pathology

They are typically caused by arteries that directly contact the cisternal portion of a cranial nerve. The transition zone between the central and peripheral myelin is considered the most vulnerable region for symptomatic neurovascular compression syndromes.