Russell-Silver syndrome
Russell-Silver dwarfism is a very rare syndrome characterized by:
- intrauterine growth restriction: tends to give an asymmetrical IUGR
- postnatal growth restriction
- relatively large calvarium: pseudohydrocephalus
- clinodactyly/clinobrachydactyly of the small finger
- a typical triangular type face
- microgenia
Pathology
It is considered a type of primordial dwarfism.
Genetics
Most cases are sporadic . Genetic and epigenetic disturbances may be detected in approximately 50% of patients with classic features. Hypomethylation of the imprinting in chromosome 11p15 is considered a major epigenetic disturbance. Maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD) of chromosome 7 can account for 10% of cases .
Associations
Radiographic features
Antenatal ultrasound
Individual sonographic features are non-specific. Fetal biometric parameters may show shortened fetal long bones.
Other features that may be detected sonographically include:
- asymmetrical IUGR pattern
- clinodactyly of fifth finger
- narrow fetal thorax
Prognosis
Prognosis is generally favorable.
Siehe auch:
- Klinodaktylie
- microgenia
- narrow fetal thorax
- singuläre Nabelschnurarterie (sNSA)
- shortened fetal long bones
- asymmetrische intrauterine Wachstumsretardierung
- intra uterine growth restriction
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Russell-Silver syndrome:
singuläre
Nabelschnurarterie (sNSA)