Seminal vesicles
Seminal
vesicle • Prostate gland and seminal vesicles (Gray's illustration) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Seminal
vesicle • Anatomy of the penis (Gray's illustration) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Seminal
vesicle • Left renal and seminal vesicle agenesis - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
The seminal vesicles are paired accessory sex glands of the male reproductive system. The seminal vesicle produces over two-thirds of the ejaculate and is very high in fructose.
Gross anatomy
The seminal vesicle is actually a 10-15 cm long tubular structure but is coiled tightly so it only measures 4-5 cm in length. It is located superiorly and posteriorly to the prostate.
The excretory duct of the seminal vesicle unites with the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.
Relations
- anteriorly: base of bladder
- inferiorly and anteriorly: prostate
- posteriorly: rectovesical fascia
- medially: ampulla of ductus deferens
- laterally: prostatic venous plexus
- superiorly: tips of the seminal vesicles covered by the peritoneum of the rectovesical pouch
Arterial supply
Venous drainage
- vesical venous plexus into internal iliac veins
Lymphatic drainage
- drain to internal iliac lymph nodes
Innervation
- sympathetic fibers from the testicular and hypogastric plexuses
Congenital anomalies
- seminal vesicle agenesis
- seminal vesicle hypoplasia
- seminal vesicle fusion
- seminal vesicle dupliction
- seminal vesicle cysts
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
- fluid-filled structure located posteriorly and superiorly to the prostate gland
CT
- has a typical "bow-tie" appearance and soft-tissue density; located between the prostate and the bladder
- normally separated from the bladder by a fat plane
- normally are less than 1.5 cm in diameter, beyond that they can be considered dilated
according to one publication the mean length was estimated to be around 3 cm with the mean width at around 1.5 cm
they may be larger in those with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
MRI
- T1: low-to-intermediate signal
- T2: convoluted areas of high signal representing seminal fluid and low signal walls
Related pathology
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