Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary

Ovarian
granulosa cell tumour: MR imaging findings. Transverse T1-weighted image shows an ovoid, well-delineated left adnexal mass lesion (arrow), mainly isointense to the normal uterus (long arrow).
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Ovarian
granulosa cell tumour: MR imaging findings. Transverse T2-weighted image depicts inhomogeneous left adnexal mass (arrow), with signal intensity mainly similar to that of normal myometrium (not shown on this image), and small hyperintense areas, corresponding to internal cysts on pathology.
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Ovarian
granulosa cell tumour: MR imaging findings. Axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image obtained with fat saturation shows intense and heterogeneous mass enhancement (arrow).
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Adulter
Granulosazelltumor des Ovars in der Computertomographie (axial) bei einer 78-jährigen. Sehr großer, zystischer, multiseptierter Tumor mit soliden Anteilen.
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 3.0
Adulter
Granulosazelltumor des Ovars in der Computertomographie (sagittale Rekonstruktion) bei einer 78-jährigen. Sehr großer, zystischer, multiseptierter Tumor mit soliden Anteilen.
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 3.0
Granulosa
cell tumor of the ovary: functional MRI. Transverse T1-weighted image shows an ovoid, well-delineated right adnexal mass lesion (arrow), mainly isointense to the normal uterus (long arrow).
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Granulosa
cell tumor of the ovary: functional MRI. Transverse T2-weighted image depicts inhomogeneous right adnexal mass (arrow), mainly isointense to normal myometrium (not shown on these images). Small hyperintense area (long arrow) within the lesion, corresponding to internal cyst on pathology.
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Granulosa
cell tumor of the ovary: functional MRI. Dynamic contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted image (early phase) reveals strong and heterogeneous lesion enhancement (arrow).
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Granulosa
cell tumor of the ovary: functional MRI. Transverse DWI image (b= 800 s/mm2) shows lesion hyperintensity (arrow).
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Granulosa
cell tumor of the ovary: functional MRI. Corresponding ADC map demonstrates the tumour (arrow) as hypointense. The mean ADC value within the mass is 0.76 ×10–3 mm2/s.
www.eurorad.org • CC by-nc-sa-4.0
Adult
granulosa cell tumor of the ovary • Adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Haouimi A, Adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Case study, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 12 Mar 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-64991 • CC by-nc-sa 3.0 (modified)
nicht verwechseln mit: Granularzelltumor
Radiopaedia • CC-by-nc-sa 3.0 • de

Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are a type of sex cord / stromal ovarian tumor.

Epidemiology

Sex cord-stromal tumors represent approximately 8% of all ovarian tumors and are believed to arise from and/or to contain combinations of the sex cord and stromal components of the developing gonad. Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary comprise a distinct subset of ovarian cancers that account for approximately 5% of all ovarian malignancies .

Clinical presentation

Patients may present with nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain, distention, or bloating. In a majority of cases, there may be hormonal manifestations due to estrogen activity of the tumor .

Pathology

They are thought to arise from normal proliferating granulosa cells of the late preovulatory follicle and exhibit many morphological and biochemical features of these cells. GCT is distinct from other ovarian carcinomas in their hormonal activity; their ability to secrete estrogen, inhibin, and Müllerian inhibiting substance accounts for some of the clinical manifestations of the disease and also provides useful tumor markers for disease surveillance .

Associations
Subtypes

It can be divided into two broad subtypes:

Radiographic features

They are slow-growing, predominantly solid masses with variable amounts of cystic change and intratumoral hemorrhage. Bilaterality is rare.

Oestrogenic effects on the uterus may manifest as uterine enlargement or as endometrial thickening or hemorrhage.

Ultrasound
  • appearance varies widely: may appear anywhere from a solid mass to a multiloculated solid and cystic mass, to a purely cystic lesion
  • varying degrees of hemorrhage or fibrosis
  • less likely to have intracystic papillary projections than epithelial ovarian tumors
CT

The CT appearance of a granulosa cell tumor is usually that of a large, well-defined low-attenuation ovarian mass.

Treatment and prognosis

It is suggested that stage I granulosa cell tumors should go for fertility-sparing surgery, unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy appears to be the most appropriate course of action.

See also

Siehe auch:
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Granulosazelltumor des Ovars:
Neoplasien
des Ovars
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 4.0
Endometriumkarzinom
 
Wikipedia • Public domain
adulter
Granulosazelltumor des Ovars
Wikipedia • CC BY-SA 3.0
Maffucci-Syndrom
 
pediatricimaging.org • CC-by-nc-sa 4.0
Granulosazelltumor
 
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