Coxa vara congenita

Coxa vara congenita

Coxa vara describes a deformity of the hip where the femoral neck-shaft angle is decreased, usually defined as less than 120 degrees.

Pathology

It can be congenital or acquired. The common mechanism in congenital cases is a failure of medial growth of the physeal plate .

Classification

One of the very early classifications proposed by Fairbank in 1928, is often considered most useful from a radiologic point of view. A slight modification of this system includes:

• idiopathic:
  • congenital: mild or severe coxa vara, with associated congenital anomalies: see associations
  • developmental: progressive, usually appearing between the ages of two and six years, with characteristic radiographic features
• rachitic: usually associated with active rickets
• adolescent: secondary to the slipped capital femoral epiphysis
• traumatic: usually following fracture of the femoral neck (rare in children)
• inflammatory: secondary to tuberculosis or other infection
• secondary to other underlying bone diseases such as:
  • osteogenesis imperfecta
  • cretinism
  • dyschondroplasia(s)
  • Paget's disease
  • osteoporosis
• capital coxa vara: occasionally seen in severe osteoarthritis and Legg-Perthes' disease

Associations

• congenital dislocation of hip - developmental hip dysplasia
• faulty development of the femur
• craniocleidodysostosis
• camptodactyly arthropathy coxa vara pericarditis (CACP) syndrome

See also

• coxa valga
• coxa magna
• coxa profunda
• coxa plana
• acetabular protrusion

Siehe auch:

• Coxa vara