Enophthalmus

Enophthalmos refers to the posterior displacement of the globe in the orbit. It implies that the globe itself is normal and is caused by either one or a combination of :
- structural alterations in the bony orbit
- orbital fat atrophy
- retraction
Specific causes include :
- orbital blowout fracture: most common
- silent sinus syndrome
- orbital metastasis: breast cancer orbital metastasis most commonly produces a desmoplastic response leading to retraction and considered one of the earliest signs of metastatic breast cancer
- maxillary sinus mucocele
- orbital varix: paradoxically causes posterior displacement of the globe when the varix empties
- congenital
- Horner syndrome
It may or may not be associated with hypoglobus.
Exophthalmos (or proptosis) is the opposite, displacement of the globe anteriorly.
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