Ohrmuschelfehlbildung

Microtia refers to a small pinna of the ear, when is it completely absent it is termed anotia.

Epidemiology

The estimated incidence at around 1:9000 live births. It is more common in males and there is a recognized right sided predilection.

Pathology

Associations

Microtia can be associated with a wide spectrum of inner and middle ear anomalies . Isolated microtia is relatively uncommon. The most frequent associations include:

Wider organ associations include:

Syndromic associations include:

Classification

It is classified into four grades based on increasing severity:

  • grade I: slightly small ear with identifiable structures; external auditory canal small but present
  • grade II: partial or hemiear with a occluded or stenotic external ear canal producing a conductive hearing loss 
  • grade III: absence of the external ear with a small peanut like vestige structure and an absence of the external ear canal and eardrum
  • grade IV: complete absence (anotia)
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