midbrain
The midbrain, or mesencephalon (plural: mesencephala or mesencephalons), is the most rostral part of the brainstem and sits above the pons and is adjoined rostrally to the thalamus. During development, the midbrain forms from the middle of three vesicles that arise from the neural tube.
When viewed in cross-section, the midbrain can be divided into three portions:
- tectum (posterior)
- tegmentum
- cerebral peduncles (anterior)
Sitting posteriorly, the tectum is composed of the tectal (quadrigeminal) plate and superior and inferior colliculi. The tectum is unique to the midbrain and does not have a counterpart in the rest of the brainstem.
The tegmentum (Latin for "covering") is the phylogenetically-old part of the brainstem and runs through the pons and medulla oblongata. In the adult brain, it contains all the brainstem nuclei.
Anterior to the tegmentum are the cerebral peduncles which are composed of the large ascending and descending tracts that run to and from the cerebrum.
Blood supply
The midbrain is supplied by the vertebrobasilar circulation, from small penetrating branches of the:
Related pathology
Siehe auch:
- Pons
- Thalamus
- Medulla oblongata
- Cerebrum
- Anatomie Hirnstamm
- cerebral peduncles
- Tegmentum (Gehirn)
- Aquäduktsyndrom
- Weber-Syndrom
- Tectum mesencephali
und weiter:
- Zentrale pontine Myelinolyse
- Nervus trigeminus
- Arteria basilaris
- Progressive supranukleäre Blickparese
- Cisterna quadrigeminalis
- Hirnnerven
- Nucleus ruber
- extrapontine myelinolysis
- ambient cistern
- Mittelhirnatrophie
- medial posterior choroidal artery
- Nervus oculomotorius
- aqueduct of Sylvius
- brain development
- Joubert-Syndrom
- habenula
- Percheron-Arterie
- panda sign of the midbrain
- sub acute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy
- Periaquäduktales Grau
- Diffusionsstörung Mittelhirn
- perimesencephalic haemorrhage
- corpora quadreigemina
- Argyll-Robertson-Zeichen
- mesenzephale Blutung
- Backenzahn-Zeichen (ZNS)
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Mesencephalon:
