brainstem
An anatomical
illustration from the 1908 edition of Sobotta"s Anatomy Atlas
The brainstem is the most caudal part of the brain. It adjoins, is structurally continuous with the spinal cord and consists of the:
- midbrain (mesencephalon)
- pons (part of the metencephalon)
- medulla oblongata (myelencephalon)
The brainstem provides the main motor and sensory innervation to the face and neck via the cranial nerves. It also provides the connection of the cerebrum, basal ganglia, diencephalon, cerebellum and spinal cord. Additionally, there are other brainstem nuclei.
The brainstem also plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac and respiratory function. It also regulates the central nervous system and is pivotal in maintaining consciousness and regulating the sleep cycle.
Some taxonomies describe the brainstem as only containing the medulla oblongata and pons, whereas others include the midbrain.
Siehe auch:
- Cerebellum
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
- Cerebrum
- diencephalon
- Mesencephalon
- Hirnnerven
- Basalganglien
- brainstem nuclei
- Stammhirn
und weiter:
- Thalamus
- neuroradiology curriculum
- extrapontine myelinolysis
- Nervus facialis
- posterior cerebral circulation
- Medulla
- quadrigeminal plate
- Nervus trigeminus
- cerebral peduncles
- aqueduct of Sylvius
- möbius syndrome
- Circulus Willisi
- brain development
- trochlear nerve (CN IV)
- Zentrale pontine Myelinolyse
- Leigh-Syndrom
- posterior fossa astrocytoma
- Hirntod
- Tegmentum (Gehirn)
- sub acute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy
- Anatomie Cerebrum
- corpora quadreigemina
- Syringobulbie
- Hirnstammblutung
- myelination pattern on MR imaging
- Thrombose Arteria vertebralis
