bone within a bone appearance

Bone within a bone is a descriptive term applied to bones that appear to have another bone within them. There are numerous causes including:

• normal
  • thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (neonates and infants)
  • growth recovery lines (after infancy)
• cortical splitting and new periostitis
  • sickle cell disease/ thalassemia /Gaucher disease
  • chronic osteomyelitis e.g. congenital syphilis, TB
  • scurvy
• Caffey disease (infantile cortical hyperostosis)
• abnormal bone metabolism
  • Paget disease of bone
  • acromegaly
  • osteopetrosis
• disordered bone growth
  • heavy metal poisoning (bismuth, lead, thorium)
  • hypervitaminosis D
  • Thorotrast (ghost vertebrae)
  • ionizing radiation
    • radiation injury
    • radiotherapy
• subcortical osteopenia
  • leukemia, metastases
  • complex regional pain syndrome (Sudeck atrophy)
  • idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis
• oxalosis (intraosseous crystal deposition)
• iatrogenic
  • bone graft, subcortical bone cement
  • bisphosphonates
  • radiotherapy
• bone healing
• artifact
  • double exposure

A useful mnemonic to remember the etiologies is: GHOST DRAGON.

Siehe auch:

• Morbus Paget des Knochens
• Sichelzellenanämie
• Akromegalie
• Osteopetrose
• Thalassämie
• Morbus Gaucher
• Infantile kortikale Hyperostose
• Lues connata
• Thorotrast
• Hypervitaminose D
• adult osteopetrosis
• heavy metal ingestion (bismuth, lead, thorium)

und weiter:

• hypervitaminosis D
• juvenile maligne Osteopetrose