metatarsophalangeal joint
The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJ) are the articulations in the forefoot between the heads of the metatarsals and the proximal phalanges .
Gross anatomy
The joint is formed by the articulation of the metatarsals with their adjacent proximal phalanges. They are condyloid synovial joints which allow for flexion, extension and limited adduction and abduction .
First toe
The metatarsophalangeal joint of the first toe is stabilized by a capsuloligamentous complex and collection of tendons. The capsuloligamentous complex is comprised of:
- fibrous capsule
- collateral ligamentous complex
- sesamoid-phalangeal ligaments (medial and lateral)
- intersesamoid ligament
- plantar plate
- extensor hood
Additional supporting structures:
- flexor hallucis brevis (medial and lateral heads)
- flexor hallucis longus
- abductor hallucis
- adductor hallucis
- extensor hallucis longus
- extensor hallucis brevis
Lesser metatarsophalangeal joints
The lesser (second-to-fourth) metatarsophalangeal joints also have a capsuloligamentous complex which is comprised of :
- fibrous capsule
- collateral ligamentous complexes (proper and accessory)
- plantar plate
Additional supporting structures:
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor digitorum brevis
- extensor digitorum longus
- extensor digitorum brevis
- flexor digiti minimi brevis
- abductor digiti minimi
- dorsal and plantar Interossei
- lumbricals
Related pathology
- turf toe: first MTPJ capsuloligamentous complex can be injured in extreme traumatic dorsiflexion
- synovitis
- plantar plate tears
Siehe auch:
