Erlenmeyer flask deformity
Growth arrest
lines • Erlenmeyer flask deformity - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Toddler who
fell. AP radiograph of the forearm shows metaphyseal widening of the distal radius and ulna.The diagnosis was Menkes disease.
Rickets •
Rickets - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Preschooler
with short stature and genu varum. AP radiograph of the lower extremities shows a genu varum deformity and bilateral shortening of the femora and flaring of the proximal tibiae and fibulae.The diagnosis was achondroplasia.
Bone within a
bone appearance • Osteopetrosis - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Erlenmeyer
flask deformity • Hereditary multiple exostosis - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Erlenmeyer
flask deformity • Erlenmeyer flask deformity - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Hereditary
multiple exostoses • Erlenmeyer flask deformity - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Sclerosing
bone dysplasia (overview) • Pyle disease - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Erlenmeyer
flask deformity • Gaucher disease - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Erlenmeyer
flask deformity • Osteopetrosis - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Erlenmeyer
flask deformity • Laboratory flasks (photo) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
A novel
mutation in TNFRSF11A gene causes pediatric osteopetrosis: case report. a–c The structure of limb bones is deformed. Extreme metaphyseal flaring, reduced bone vascularity and dense bone structure is found. d Skull radiograph showing typical wolf carnival appearance. e, f Front-Lateral Chest radiograph showing diffuse sclerotic vertebra and costochondral junction widening
Osteopetrosis.
ADO: Radiograph of left femur, age 4 years. Note Erlenmeyer flask deformity of distal femur (arrows) and generalised increased bone density.
Preschooler
with short stature. AP radiograph of the hand shows diffuse shortening of the phalanges and metacarpals, giving the hand the appearance of a trident. There is also metaphyseal flaring of the distal radius and ulna.The diagnosis was achondroplasia.
Preschooler
with short stature. AP radiograph of the lower extremities shows bilateral rhizomelic shortening of the femora and flaring of the distal femora and proximal and distal tibiae and fibulae.The diagnosis was achondroplasia.
Erlenmeyer flask deformity (EFD), also known as metaphyseal flaring, refers to a radiographic appearance typically on a femoral radiograph demonstrating relatively reduced constriction of the diaphysis and flaring of the metaphysis as a result of undertubulation.
The name refers to the resemblance to a flat bottomed titration flask used by chemists, (known as a conical flask in British English.)
Pathology
It has been classically used with reference to the distal ends of the femora, however it is also seen in the proximal humeri, tibiae, and the distal radii and ulnae .
Etiology
- marrow infiltration/expansion
- lysosomal storage disease
- Gaucher disease - osteopenia with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease or Hass disease
- Niemann-Pick disease (type B)
- hemoglobinopathies
- thalassemia - coarsened trabeculation, cobweb appearance, especially if treated with desferoxamine
- sickle cell disease
- membranous lipodystrophy
- fetal magnesium toxicity
- chronic lead toxicity (contentious )
- lysosomal storage disease
- bone dysplasias
- craniotubular bone dysplasias
- frontometaphyseal dysplasia
- craniometaphyseal dysplasia
- craniodiaphyseal dysplasia
- craniometadiaphyseal dysplasia
- diaphyseal dysplasia (Engelmann type)
- oculodentoosseous dysplasia
- metaphyseal dysplasia - Pyle disease
- sclerotic diaphysis
- dysosteosclerosis
- Melnick-Needles osteodysplasty
- Pyle-like dysplasias
- Braun-Tinschert myelodysplasia
- hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia (Cantu syndrome)
- multicentric fibromatosis with metaphyseal dysplasia
- osteopetrosis - diffuse sclerosis and sclerotic vertebral endplates (sandwich vertebrae)
- infantile osteopetrosis
- juvenile osteopetrosis (types II and III)
- osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis
- fibrous dysplasia
- achondroplasia
- Ollier disease
- multiple hereditary exostoses
- craniotubular bone dysplasias
The causes can also be remembered with the mnemonics AP OF DR GHLN, CHONG or Lead GNOME.
History and etymology
The conically-shaped flask with a wide base and short narrow neck was created by the German chemist Emil Erlenmeyer (1825–1909) in 1860 .
See also
Siehe auch:
- Fibröse Dysplasie
- Rheumatoide Arthritis
- Achondroplasie
- Rachitis
- Sichelzellenanämie
- Ollier-Syndrom
- Down-Syndrom
- Osteopetrose
- Thalassämie
- Morbus Gaucher
- Menkes-Syndrom
- Pyle-Syndrom
- Dysosteosklerose
- Erlenmeyerkolben
- Diamond-Blackfan syndrome
- CHONG
- Lead GNOME
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Auftreibung Metaphysen:
