cranial nerves
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. MRI of the cisternal tracts of normal cranial nerves. Steady-state free procession (SSFP), axial planes. a Olfactory (circles); b optic (arrows); c oculomotor (arrows); d trochlear (arrows); e trigeminal (arrows); f abducens (circles); g facial (thin and dotted arrows) and vestibulocochlear (thick arrows); h glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve (circles); i spinal accessory (circles); j hypoglossal (arrows)
Rule of 4 of
the brainstem • Cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei (illustrations) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. CT aspect of the most important foramina of the skull base. a Cribriform plate (asterisk); b optic canal (asterisk) and superior orbital fissure (arrow); c foramen rotundum (asterisk); d foramen ovale (arrow); e facial canal (arrow); f internal auditory meatus (arrow); g jugular foramen (asterisk); h hypoglossal canal (asterisk)
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the nuclei of cranial nerves. The longitudinal view of the brainstem shows the position of the motor (right), sensory (left), and autonomic cell groups associated with cranial nerves. On the right, from the midline to outside: somatic motor column (motor somatic nuclei of the III, IV, VI, and XII cranial nerves) (red nuclei); parasympathetic column (derived from the III, VII, IX, and X cranial nerves) (purple nuclei); branchial motor column (motor nuclei of V, VII, IX, X, and XI cranial nerves) (light blue nuclei). On the left, from the midline to outside: visceral sensory column (IX, X cranial nerves) (pink); special somatic sensory column (VII, VIII, IX cranial nerves) (blue); general somatic sensory column (V, VII, IX, X cranial nerves) (green)
Vestibulocochlear
nerve • Normal cranial nerves - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Vestibulocochlear
nerve • Cranial nerves in the posterior fossa (Gray's illustration) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Vestibulocochlear
nerve • Cranial nerve origins (illustration) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Vestibulocochlear
nerve • Cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei (illustrations) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Topography of
vestibular schwannoma (upper picture - normal condition). Picture was scanned from book 1957 year. Due to information, which contained there - origin of picture - classical scheme of founder of modern neurosurgery Harvey Cushing 1932
A radiologic
review of hoarse voice from anatomic and neurologic perspectives. Representative illustration of the brainstem demonstrating the normal configuration of the cranial nerves and their associated nuclei. The vagus nerve originates from the nucleus ambiguus of the medulla
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the optic and oculomotors nerves
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the olfactory nerve
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the facial nerve
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the vestibulocochlear nerve
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the accessory and hypoglossal nerves
Facial nerve
• Cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei (illustrations) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Imaging of
cranial nerves: a pictorial overview. Schematic drawing of the trigeminal nerve
Cranial
nerves • Normal cranial nerves - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
The cranial nerves are the 12 paired sets of nerves that arise from the cerebrum or brainstem and leave the central nervous system through cranial foramina rather than through the spine. The cranial nerves are numbered one to twelve, always using the Roman numerals, I to XII. Most have cranial nerve nuclei located in the brainstem.
Cerebrum
The first and second cranial nerves derive from the telencephalon and diencephalon respectively and are considered extensions of the central nervous system:
Midbrain
The third and fourth cranial nerves originate from the midbrain:
Pons
The middle four cranial nerves originate from the pons:
- trigeminal nerve (CN V)
- abducens nerve (CN VI)
- facial nerve (CN VII)
- vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
Medulla oblongata
The final four cranial nerves originate from the medulla oblongata:
- glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
- vagus nerve (CN X)
- accessory nerve (CN XI)
- hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
In adults, the brainstem nuclei are located within the tegmentum, the posterior section of the brainstem (except in the midbrain where the quadrigeminal plate is most posterior).
See mnemonic for cranial nerves.
History and etymology
Thomas Willis (1621–1675) was responsible for the original numbering of the cranial nerves, as well as his famous anatomical circle in the brain.
Siehe auch:
- Pons
- Nervus trigeminus
- Medulla oblongata
- Nervus olfactorius
- Nervus facialis
- Mesencephalon
- Nervus vestibulocochlearis
- Anatomie Hirnstamm
- Nervus opticus
- Nervus oculomotorius
- Nervus glossopharyngeus
- Nervus abducens
- Foramina der Schädelbasis
- Nervus hypoglossus
- Tegmentum (Gehirn)
- Nervus accessorius
- Nervus vagus
- Nervus terminalis
- Nervus trochlearis
- Hirnnerven Eselsbrücke
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Hirnnerven:
