tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- Pleuraplaques
- Miliartuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- Nierentuberkulose
- miliare Lungenherde
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- Kavernöse Lungenläsionen
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulose der Mamma
- tuberkulöse Meningitis
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- pelvine Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulostatikum
- tuberkulöse Otomastoiditis
und weiter:
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- Dünndarmileus
- Tumoren der Hypophysenregion
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- Splenomegalie
- Skoliose
- apikale Pleurakappe
- Chylothorax
- reverse halo sign
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- Amyloidose
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- Fibrothorax
- mediastinal lymphoma
- linitis plastica
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- testicular epidermoid
- Gibbus
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- retikuläres Muster
- Plombage
- Anthrakose
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- Erythema nodosum
- Nebennierenläsionen
- Raumforderungen der Trachea
- Vergrößerung der zervikalen Lymphknoten
- tuberculous empyema
- Gynäkomastie
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- Skrofeln
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- melioidosis
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- thorakale Plombage
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- crazy paving-Muster
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- beschleunigte Skelettreifung
- Thorakoplastik
- opportunistische Infektionen
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- dens erosion
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- hyperechoic liver
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- extrapulmonale Manifestationen der Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulose von Leber und Milz
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- Ranke complex
- galaxy sign
- diffuse Trachealverengung
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- abdominelle und pelvine Verkalkungen
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- Knochenläsionen mit Sequester
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- Vergrößerung der Glandula parotis
- Tuberkulose der Leber
- Tuberkulose der Wirbelsäule und des Spinalkanals
- Phemister triad
- Isoniazid
- idiopathische granulomatöse Mastitis
- chronic tuberculosis
- Nachweis Tbc
- MDR Tuberkulose
- tuberculosis in a child
- discrete colonic ulceration
- Assmanninfiltrat
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- Großgefäßvaskulitis
- tuberkulöse Lymphadenopathie
- Merkspruch Nasenseptumperforation
- gastrointestinale Fistelbildungen
- triad of Phemister
- ileozökale Tuberkulose
- Ursachen für Perfusionsdefekte in der Lungenventilations / -perfusionsszintigraphie
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