tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- Kavernöse Lungenläsionen
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- Miliartuberkulose
- Pleuraplaques
- Nierentuberkulose
- miliare Lungenherde
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Meningitis
- Tuberkulose der Mamma
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- pelvine Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Otomastoiditis
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulostatikum
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
und weiter:
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- Dünndarmileus
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- Splenomegalie
- Tumoren der Hypophysenregion
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- Skoliose
- apikale Pleurakappe
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- reverse halo sign
- Fibrothorax
- linitis plastica
- Chylothorax
- Gynäkomastie
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- Amyloidose
- mediastinal lymphoma
- Vergrößerung der zervikalen Lymphknoten
- Gibbus
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- crazy paving-Muster
- thorakale Plombage
- Erythema nodosum
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- retikuläres Muster
- Plombage
- testicular epidermoid
- Nebennierenläsionen
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- Thorakoplastik
- Anthrakose
- tuberculous empyema
- beschleunigte Skelettreifung
- extrapulmonale Manifestationen der Tuberkulose
- Raumforderungen der Trachea
- melioidosis
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- Skrofeln
- Tuberkulose von Leber und Milz
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- hyperechoic liver
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- Tuberkulose der Leber
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- abdominelle und pelvine Verkalkungen
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- dens erosion
- Merkspruch Nasenseptumperforation
- Vergrößerung der Glandula parotis
- Tuberkulose der Wirbelsäule und des Spinalkanals
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- idiopathische granulomatöse Mastitis
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- opportunistische Infektionen
- diffuse Trachealverengung
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- Knochenläsionen mit Sequester
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- Ranke complex
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- galaxy sign
- Großgefäßvaskulitis
- Nachweis Tbc
- Phemister triad
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- Isoniazid
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- tuberkulöse Lymphadenopathie
- ileozökale Tuberkulose
- gastrointestinale Fistelbildungen
- Ursachen für Perfusionsdefekte in der Lungenventilations / -perfusionsszintigraphie
- chronic tuberculosis
- MDR Tuberkulose
- discrete colonic ulceration
- tuberculosis in a child
- Assmanninfiltrat
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- triad of Phemister
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Tuberkulose:
