tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- Pleuraplaques
- Miliartuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- miliare Lungenherde
- Nierentuberkulose
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- Kavernöse Lungenläsionen
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulose der Mamma
- pelvine Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Meningitis
- Tuberkulostatikum
- tuberkulöse Otomastoiditis
und weiter:
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- Dünndarmileus
- Tumoren der Hypophysenregion
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- Splenomegalie
- Skoliose
- Chylothorax
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- Amyloidose
- reverse halo sign
- apikale Pleurakappe
- mediastinal lymphoma
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- Fibrothorax
- linitis plastica
- testicular epidermoid
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- Gibbus
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- retikuläres Muster
- Erythema nodosum
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- Plombage
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- Anthrakose
- Raumforderungen der Trachea
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- tuberculous empyema
- Nebennierenläsionen
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- Gynäkomastie
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- melioidosis
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- Skrofeln
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- Vergrößerung der zervikalen Lymphknoten
- dens erosion
- opportunistische Infektionen
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- beschleunigte Skelettreifung
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- Thorakoplastik
- hyperechoic liver
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- Ranke complex
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- galaxy sign
- thorakale Plombage
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- Tuberkulose von Leber und Milz
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- extrapulmonale Manifestationen der Tuberkulose
- crazy paving-Muster
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- diffuse Trachealverengung
- Knochenläsionen mit Sequester
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- abdominelle und pelvine Verkalkungen
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- Phemister triad
- Tuberkulose der Leber
- Isoniazid
- Vergrößerung der Glandula parotis
- chronic tuberculosis
- Tuberkulose der Wirbelsäule und des Spinalkanals
- MDR Tuberkulose
- Assmanninfiltrat
- Nachweis Tbc
- tuberculosis in a child
- discrete colonic ulceration
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- idiopathische granulomatöse Mastitis
- tuberkulöse Lymphadenopathie
- Großgefäßvaskulitis
- Merkspruch Nasenseptumperforation
- triad of Phemister
- ileozökale Tuberkulose
- gastrointestinale Fistelbildungen
- Ursachen für Perfusionsdefekte in der Lungenventilations / -perfusionsszintigraphie
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