tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- Pleuraplaques
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- Kavernöse Lungenläsionen
- Miliartuberkulose
- Nierentuberkulose
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- miliare Lungenherde
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- tuberkulöse Meningitis
- Tuberkulose der Mamma
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
- pelvine Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Otomastoiditis
- Tuberkulostatikum
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
und weiter:
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- Dünndarmileus
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- Tumoren der Hypophysenregion
- Splenomegalie
- Skoliose
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- reverse halo sign
- apikale Pleurakappe
- linitis plastica
- Amyloidose
- Fibrothorax
- Chylothorax
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- mediastinal lymphoma
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- Gynäkomastie
- Gibbus
- Vergrößerung der zervikalen Lymphknoten
- crazy paving-Muster
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- Erythema nodosum
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- testicular epidermoid
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- retikuläres Muster
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- Plombage
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- thorakale Plombage
- Raumforderungen der Trachea
- Anthrakose
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- melioidosis
- Nebennierenläsionen
- tuberculous empyema
- beschleunigte Skelettreifung
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- hyperechoic liver
- Skrofeln
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- extrapulmonale Manifestationen der Tuberkulose
- dens erosion
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- Thorakoplastik
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- Tuberkulose von Leber und Milz
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- abdominelle und pelvine Verkalkungen
- opportunistische Infektionen
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- Tuberkulose der Leber
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- diffuse Trachealverengung
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- Vergrößerung der Glandula parotis
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- Tuberkulose der Wirbelsäule und des Spinalkanals
- Knochenläsionen mit Sequester
- idiopathische granulomatöse Mastitis
- Ranke complex
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- galaxy sign
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- Phemister triad
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- Großgefäßvaskulitis
- Isoniazid
- Nachweis Tbc
- chronic tuberculosis
- tuberkulöse Lymphadenopathie
- discrete colonic ulceration
- MDR Tuberkulose
- Merkspruch Nasenseptumperforation
- tuberculosis in a child
- ileozökale Tuberkulose
- Assmanninfiltrat
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- gastrointestinale Fistelbildungen
- Ursachen für Perfusionsdefekte in der Lungenventilations / -perfusionsszintigraphie
- triad of Phemister
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Tuberkulose:
