Tuberkulose




Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- Pleuraplaques
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- meningeale Tuberkulose
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- miliare Lungenherde
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- tuberculous pelvic inflammatory disease
- Miliartuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- Nierentuberkulose
- tuberculous mastitis
- differential of a pulmonary cavity
- tuberculous otomastoiditis
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- antitubercular drugs
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
und weiter:
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- Pleuraerguss
- Chylothorax
- crazy paving
- Dünndarmileus
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- reverse halo sign
- Skoliose
- Tumoren der Hypophysenregion
- mediastinal lymphoma
- Splenomegalie
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- melioidosis
- Amyloidose
- tuberculous empyema
- Erythema nodosum
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- extrapulmonary tuberculosis
- linitis plastica
- Gibbus
- gut fistulation
- testicular epidermoid
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- large vessel vasculitis
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- Nebennierenläsionen
- extraperiosteal pneumonolysis
- retikuläres Muster
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- granulomatous mastitis
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- Anthrakose
- opportunistische Infektionen
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- spinal tuberculosis
- bone lesions with sequestrum
- causes of perfusion defects on a VQ scan
- Gynäkomastie
- granulomatous hepatitis
- ileocaecal tuberculosis
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- galaxy sign
- diffuse pleural fibrosis
- hepatic tuberculoma
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- differential diagnosis of adult cervical lymphadenopathy
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- Ranke complex
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- Skrofeln
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- lower abdominal / pelvic calcification
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- genital tuberculosis
- Thorakoplastik
- beschleunigte Skelettreifung
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- hyperechoic liver
- dens erosion
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- Assmanninfiltrat
- chronische abakterielle Mastitis
- apikale Pleurakappe
- MDR Tuberkulose
- Phemister triad
- discrete colonic ulceration
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- chronic tuberculosis
- Nachweis Tbc
- tuberculosis in a child
- diffuse Trachealverengung
- Vergrößerung der Glandula parotis
