Tuberkulose





















Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- Pleuraplaques
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- miliare Lungenherde
- Miliartuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- meningeale Tuberkulose
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- Nierentuberkulose
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- tuberculous otomastoiditis
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
- Kavernöse Lungenläsionen
- Tuberkulose der Mamma
- pelvine Tuberkulose
- Tuberkulostatikum
und weiter:
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- Pleuraerguss
- Dünndarmileus
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- Chylothorax
- Skoliose
- Splenomegalie
- reverse halo sign
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- Gibbus
- Amyloidose
- mediastinal lymphoma
- linitis plastica
- testicular epidermoid
- Erythema nodosum
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- Tumoren der Sellaregion
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- gut fistulation
- Plombage
- melioidosis
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- tuberculous empyema
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- Nebennierenläsionen
- Anthrakose
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- retikuläres Muster
- Gynäkomastie
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- causes of perfusion defects on a VQ scan
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- bone lesions with sequestrum
- Raumforderungen der Trachea
- opportunistische Infektionen
- ileocaecal tuberculosis
- differential diagnosis of adult cervical lymphadenopathy
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- Skrofeln
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- diffuse pleural fibrosis
- beschleunigte Skelettreifung
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- galaxy sign
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- apikale Pleurakappe
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- Ranke complex
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- dens erosion
- hyperechoic liver
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- Thorakoplastik
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- Phemister triad
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- Isoniazid
- Assmanninfiltrat
- diffuse Trachealverengung
- MDR Tuberkulose
- discrete colonic ulceration
- tuberculosis in a child
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- chronic tuberculosis
- Nachweis Tbc
- crazy paving-Muster
- abdominelle und pelvine Verkalkungen
- Tuberkulose von Leber und Milz
- Vergrößerung der Glandula parotis
- Tuberkulose der Leber
- extrapulmonale Manifestationen der Tuberkulose
- tuberkulöse Lymphadenopathie
- thorakale Plombage
- Tuberkulose der Wirbelsäule und des Spinalkanals
- triad of Phemister
- Großgefäßvaskulitis
- idiopathische granulomatöse Mastitis
