Tuberkulose
Tuberculosis (commonly abbreviated to TB, short for tubercle bacillus) encompasses an enormously wide disease spectrum affecting multiple organs and body systems predominantly caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small proportion can also be caused by Mycobacterium bovis.
Epidemiology
Although tuberculosis continues to be very common in developing nations. Approximately 10 million people globally per year have positive exposure to tuberculosis . In Western industrialised populations it has become uncommon but is increasing in prevalence among immunocompromised patients, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5% HIV patients have Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, which become clinically apparent when CD4+ counts drop to below 350 cells/mm, typically with findings of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis .
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation will depend upon the morphology of infection and location. These are discussed in separate articles.
- morphology
- location
History and etymology
Aristotle is usually credited as being the first to recognize the contagious nature of the disease. Discovery of the specific infectious agent, the tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), did not occur for several millennia until it was isolated by Robert Koch in 1882 . M. tuberculosis was previously known as Koch bacillus and tuberculosis known as Koch disease. It was also historically known as consumption due to the severe associated weight loss.
Siehe auch:
- Pleurosis calcarea
- post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- pulmonale Tuberkulose
- miliare Lungenherde
- tuberculous pelvic inflammatory disease
- tuberculous mastitis
- tuberkulöse Spondylitis
- Tuberkulose des ZNS
- tuberculous otomastoiditis
- Tuberkulose des Peritoneums
- differential of a pulmonary cavity
- Nierentuberkulose
- meningeale Tuberkulose
- pleurale Tuberkulose
- Miliartuberkulose
- Pleuritis exsudativa
- tuberkulöse Halslymphknoten
- post primary pulmonary tuberculosis
- urogenitale Tuberkulose
- antitubercular drugs
- multiresistente Tuberkulose
und weiter:
- Chylothorax
- crazy paving
- mediastinal lymphoma
- Pleuraerguss
- Tumoren der Hypophysenregion
- pulmonale und mediastinale Sarcoidose
- Dünndarmileus
- reverse halo sign
- parotid enlargement
- linitis plastica
- melioidosis
- tuberculous empyema
- Erythema nodosum
- Amyloidose
- Pleurakuppenschwielen
- diffuse tracheal narrowing
- radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
- Splenomegalie
- Skoliose
- hyperdenser Lymphknoten
- extrapulmonary tuberculosis
- gut fistulation
- CNS manifestations of AIDS
- granulomatous mastitis
- Gibbus
- testicular epidermoid
- zentrilobuläre Lungennoduli
- einzelne Pleuraraumforderung
- renal papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- Tuberkulose der Milz
- diffuse Trachealwandverdickung
- arteriovenöse Malformationen der Lunge
- Gynäkomastie
- large vessel vasculitis
- Nebennierenläsionen
- opportunistische Infektionen
- hypertrophic olivary degeneration
- umgekehrtes Halozeichen Lunge
- verkalkte mediastinale Lymphknoten
- diffuse pleural fibrosis
- bone lesions with sequestrum
- hepatic tuberculoma
- chronic bilateral airspace opacification
- spinal tuberculosis
- ileocaecal tuberculosis
- Tuberkulose des Larynx
- retikuläres Muster
- Anthrakose
- extraperiosteal pneumonolysis
- Skrofeln
- secretory disease of the breast
- differential diagnosis of calcified pulmonary densities
- causes of perfusion defects on a VQ scan
- bilaterale axilläre Lymphadenopathie
- granulomatous hepatitis
- generalized acceleration in bone maturation
- solitary sclerotic bone lesion with a lucent centre
- bladder calcification (mnemonic)
- differential diagnosis of adult cervical lymphadenopathy
- differential of chronic alveolar opacities
- pulmonary upper zone involvement (mnemonic)
- cystic cervical mass adjacent to the angle of mandible
- bilaterale hiläre Lymphadenopathie
- small bowel folds (differential diagnoses)
- multifocal spinal tuberculosis
- chronic primary adrenal insufficiency
- differential diagnosis of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy
- Ranke complex
- genital tuberculosis
- papillary necrosis (mnemonic)
- Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom
- galaxy sign
- Thorakoplastik
- lower abdominal / pelvic calcification
- Tuberkulose des Ösophagus
- Nasenseptumdefekt
- tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula
- hyperechoic liver
- generalised increased liver echogenicity
- dens erosion
- peritoneal tuberculosis following infliximab therapy
- MDR Tuberkulose
- pulmonary manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- Phemister triad
- Assmanninfiltrat
- Handlungsempfehlung für den Umgang mit Patienten mit vermuteter Tuberkulose
- Nachweis Tbc
- tuberculosis in a child
- chronic tuberculosis
- lytic bone lesion surrounded by marked sclerosis (mnemonic)
- discrete colonic ulceration
