Brain stone

Brain stones, also known as cerebral calculi, refers to large intracranial calcifications that may be solitary or multiple.

Clinical presentation

If symptomatic, patients most commonly present with seizures.

Pathology

Localization of brain stones can help narrow the underlying etiology but the causes are numerous :

• intra-axial
  • calcifying tumors, e.g. oligodendrogliomas
  • vascular, e.g. cavernous malformations, arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms
  • infectious, e.g. congenital TORCH infections, tuberculosis, neurocysticercosis
  • congenital, e.g. Sturge-Weber syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, intracranial lipomas
  • metabolic, e.g. Fahr disease, hyper/hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism
• extra-axial
  • meningiomas
  • dural osteomas
  • calcifying tumors, e.g. craniopharyngiomas
• intra- or extra-axial
  • calcifying pseudoneoplasms of the neuraxis (CAPNON)

See also

• pituitary stone

Siehe auch:

• zerebrale Verkalkungen
• Arteria vertebralis
• Morbus Fahr
• Hirnabszess
• Neurozystizerkose
• zerebrale arteriovenöse Malformation
• Sturge-Weber-Krabbe-Syndrom
• Neurotoxoplasmose
• Sinus cavernosus
• Morbus Hippel-Lindau
• Pseudohypoparathyreoidismus
• haematoma
• metastatic calcification in the brain
• periventrikuläre Verkalkungen
• TORCH
• mineralisierende Mikroangiopathie
• Eisenablagerungen im Gehirn
• cerebral coccidiomycosis
• zerebrale Verkalkungen im MRT
• Hypoparathyreoidismus
• verkalkte zerebrale Embolien
• normale intrakranielle Verkalkungen
• intrakranielle Arteriosklerose
• Verkalkungen Kleinhirn
• intramurales Hämatom der Aorta
• kongenitale zerebrale Toxoplasmose